The Education Sector On The Global Scale Of South Africa

Philanthropist, anti-apartheid revolutionary, and politician who also served as President of South Africa, Nelson Mandela, the most powerful weapon that one can use to change the world is education( Mandela n.p). Despite the literacy level gradually raising globally due to advancement in technology that has made learning easy, fast and efficient. Most of the countries in Africa, Asia and some states in America still languish in poverty due to high rates of unemployment and low minimum wages. These unfortunate and deplorable conditions have deterred these areas from experiencing the transformative power of education (Lockheed 25). At the center stage of these challenges that are facing the education sector on the global scale is the cost of†¦show more content†¦If text books are made cheaper, some issues such as plagiarism and low quality AuthorLastName3 of work, poorly conducted research, wanting reading culture, deplorable states of the libraries, economic disparities and overall low quality of education shall be addressed. The quality of research at the college level is mostly dependent on the availability of textbooks. Whether for the Science or Humanity college students, their research demands many books at ago to compare opinions of different scholars and how different authors have tackles a given concept (McMillan 3). This helps the learner to conceptualize the principles and ideologies behind different theories. It is only by understanding the fundamental principles that the learners can be innovative and develop products that can make the world a better place (Lockheed 22). Furthermore, this deeper grasp of the concepts is what will enable learners to develop real solutions to the problems that are facing humanity today like contagious and terminal diseases, food crisis, and economic recessions and unlock the potential of ma ny economies across the world (McMillan 5). Research has also offered a platform for young scientists and scholars to stretch their intellectual stamina. Unfortunately, all this will building castles in the air if the costs of textbooks is not lowered to enable the learners get access to these materials of reference

The 5 Love Languages Essay - 1407 Words

Je T’aime or â€Å"I Love You†? They say that French is the most romantic language of all, but after reading Gary Chapman’s bestselling book, The 5 Love Languages, I would have to disagree. This international bestseller written by the director of Marriage and Family Life Consultants, Inc. has revived the love in millions of marriages around the world by uncovering the five specific languages that successful couples use to communicate their love for one another. These couples share a priceless love due to their understanding of the language that the other uses daily to show their affection for one another. These love languages include words of affirmation, quality time, receiving gifts, acts of service, and physical touch. In the book, Chapman†¦show more content†¦Love doesn’t keep a score of wrongs. We must understand that forgiveness is a commitment and choice to show mercy and not hold things against our spouse. The final way you can show love through words of affirmation is with humble words. We have to be sure to make requests and not demands by knowing one another’s desires and expressing those desires in loving way. Requesting your desires gives your spouse the choice to love you. If your spouse’s love language is words of affirmation you can compliment your spouse to others when they are not around, tell them how much you appreciate them, and write them love letters. (pages 37-50) Quality time is the second love language. This involves giving your spouse undivided attention, talking, and listening. It is not enough just to live with your spouse and be in the same room with them; it means spending time together without any distracions. You must not only have focused attention, but also quality conversation. This is sympathetic dialogue where you share experiences, thoughts, feelings, and desires without distractions. A spouse who feels loved by spending quality time with you will want you to spend time i n conversation, listen sympathetically, and ask them questions with a genuine desire to understand their thoughts, feelings and hopes. (pages 55-70) The third love language is receiving gifts. After Dr. Chapman traveled around the world examining the cultural patterns surrounding love and marriage, heShow MoreRelatedThe 5 Love Languages : The Secret Of Love1834 Words   |  8 Pagesthe author of the book entitled, The 5 love Languages: The Secret to Love That Lasts. Dr. Chapman’s expertise in marriage started from his own life experiences between him and his wife Karolyn, whom which he has been married to for 45 years. In addition, he has over 45 years of pastoring and marriage counseling, which led him to publish this book along with other series (Gary Chapman, n.d.). 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According to MorrisRead MoreThe Drama of Act 1, Scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet Essay1124 Words   |  5 PagesThe Drama of Act 1, Scene 5 of Romeo and Juliet In this essay I am going to analyse, interpret and express a view about act 1 scene 5. I am going to consider the dramatic events of the scene, Shakespeare’s use of language, the way the scene is structured and changing moods and how Shakespeare makes use of dramatic devices like scene shifts and range of characters. Shakespeare has divided this scene into 7 sections. Section one is when the servants prepare for the partyRead MoreWhy Dogs Make Good Pets?838 Words   |  4 Pages353 Listening Log Name: Joanne Wu Total time: 399 mins (Please delete this example when creating your own log.) Date: 5/11Time:20:5920:5920:5920:59Level:2 | Title: Source/Link: Source Time: | Vocabulary:NonverbalPowerfulPowerlessHormone | | Notes:The speaker talked about two different body languages, one is high power posed and the other one is low power posed. They showed totally different. For example, when we won the match, we automatically high our hands to show that we are happy.Read MoreThe Five Love Languages1011 Words   |  5 PagesMarch 13, 2012 The Five Love Languages With the divorce rate at over fifty percent, what can be done to keep love alive? What is the secret to a happy marriage? These are questions that Gary Chapman explores and defines in The Five Love Languages: How to Express Heartfelt Commitment to Your Mate. If couples are to communicate effectively with each other they must learn the language with whom they want to communicate. This book explores the five emotional love languages and the way couples speakRead MoreUnit 1 Tefl1073 Words   |  5 PagesTask 1 – List 5 qualities that a ‘good’ teacher should have and give reasons for your choices. Which of these qualities do you consider to be more important, and why? 1. a good teacher should really love teaching because in my opinion you cannot be a good teacher if you do not like what you do. 2. a good teacher should be lively and entertaining because children do not like boring teachers, they need somebody who changes learning into pleasure. as my experience schooled children love games and itRead MoreViolence in Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare Essay1704 Words   |  7 Pagesmain theme in Romeo and Juliet, even more than love, hate, rivalry, passion and broken friendships. The play is set in ‘Fair Verona’ which is in the North of Italy, which has a population conformed of a Prince, two main households, the ‘Capulets’ and the ‘Montagues’, their servicemen, friends, the town’s noble man ‘Paris’, the priest ‘friar Lawrence’ and the rest of the town’s workmen. Shakespeare’s choice of violent language in the ‘Prologue’ was very effective, as

Analysis of Factors Influencing Attrition in It Sector free essay sample

With the economy of India booming at an all time high despite the impact of recession, it is an employee’s market. A large number of multiple jobs are being circulated in organizations and across industries, employees take little time to ponder and leave for greener pastures. In the event the employee feels dissatisfied with his job content, colleagues, boss or a general feeling of discontentment, disillusionment or disappointment creeps in him, considering present market conditions he need not think twice but can easily chucks for good. But obviously it is not good for the employers. Organizations spend a major buck in inducting an employee, beginning from the recruitment process to his internalization in the organization. After reaping rich benefits in the organization in terms of learning, growth, development and availing every possible opportunity in that time span he feels he should go. The HR department is left in the hanging as how to fill in the gap between the demand and supply in terms of human resources. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Factors Influencing Attrition in It Sector or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page But it helps organizations understand why at all attrition takes place. Why at all at the first place did the idea for leaving come in the mind of the employee. And if at all it came, then why the organization was not pro-active enough to have sensed his dissatisfaction. Furthermore why was it not well equipped to have stopped him from leaving? The entire cycle is vicious. Normally no one welcomes change unless it is forced to be applied. Similarly when an employee joins the organization, he really has no intension of leaving. Circumstances and conditions arise which make him think towards cutting ties. If negative conditions continue to exist then he is confirmed to leave. We all know people do crib about money, not good perks and facilities but if they are happy they stay for the sake of that happiness. People also join organizations for their need for socialization. When they form friends at their work stations; they look forward coming to office every morning. People leave because of boredom and disenchantment from everything. They find no other recluse other than leaving towards somewhere else.

Parker Essay Example

Parker Essay PARKER : Penning global strategy Ankita Jain Hrishikesh V Nilotpal Sinha Abhinav Sharma Great Lakes Institute of Management November 18, 2011 Caesar had perished from the world of men, had not his sword been rescued by a pen. Abstract In this study, we look at two strategies adopted by Parker Pen. The ? rst is a highly successful strategy of product di? erentiation through technological innovation. The second is an unsuccessful execution of globalization strategy. 1 A brief history of Parker Pen The Parker Pen Company was born in 1888 when George Sta? rd Parker tried to repair some fountain pens that were leaking and in the process began to manufacture his own pens. Six years later in 1894, Parker Pen won the patent of the †Lucky Curve† feed, which was claimed to draw excess ink back into the pen body when the pen was not in use. This technology remained the di? erentiating factor for Parker pens until the arrival of the Duofold in the 1930s. 1 2 The forty years period ra nging from 1920s to the 1960s, in the pre ballpoint pen era, was the golden period of Parker Pen’s reign when it consistently ranked either number one or number two in worldwide writing instrument sales. In 1931 Parker Pen created 1 2 Key words and phrases. Parker Pen, fountain pen, ball-point pen. This study was conducted for completion of the group project for Strategy Execution. 1 the Quink (quick drying ink) which eliminated the need for blotting and led to the development of the most widely used pen in history Parker 51 which generated over $400 million in sales. A Parker pen stood for quality, prestige, tradition, steadfastness and strength highlighted by the fact that Parker pens were the pen of choice to sign important documents in history such as the World War II armistices. Parker Pen expanded its business and by 1980s the company had extended up to 154 countries. The company adopted globalization strategy to establish market presence. However the execution of this strategy was unsuccessful; the managers failed to create proper marketing strategies that would have made them compete in international markets with inexpensive products from other parts of the world. In 1993 Parker Pen was acquired by the Gillette Company, which already owned the PaperMate brand, one of the best-selling disposable ballpoints. We will write a custom essay sample on Parker specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Parker specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Parker specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In 2000, Gillette sold the writing instruments division to Newell Rubbermaid, whose own Stationery Division, Sanford, became the largest in the world owning such brand names as Rotring, Sharpie, Reynolds as well as Parker, PaperMate, Waterman and Liquid Paper. In recent years, Parker Pen has abandoned both the entry level market as well as the traditional retail outlets in North America and moved into up-scale luxury retailers. 2 Innovation as a di? erentiation strategy Throughout its history, Parker Pen has used technological innovation as a strategy to di? erentiate itself from the competition. The company has been a pioneer in research on writing instruments and introduced several revolutionary products . In this section, we look at some of the iconic products from Parker Pens which have driven both the company as well as the pen market. (The current portfolio of Parker Pen’s products can be found in Ref. [1]) 2. 1 Duofold 1921 In 1921 the company introduced the Parker Duofold (Ref. [2]) fountain pen. It was a state of the art pen for its time and Parker Pen positioned the Duofold in the premier segment and priced it expensively $7. 00, equivalent to about $85 in 2011. In 1926 the Duofold became the ? rst pen in the world to have a guaranteed life of †forever†. It was an instant success. Sir Arthur Conan Doyle used one to write the exploits of Sherlock Holmes. General Douglas MacArthur signed the document ending World War II in the 2 Paci? c with his 20 year old Duofold (Ref. [3]). By the early 1930s the Duofolds design had grown dated in the USA but it remained popular in Europe until the 1960s. In 1988, Parker launched the Duofold Centennial series of pens. The modern Duofold is a key part of Parker Pens product portfolio. . 2 Quink 1928 In 1928, after three years of research and an investment of $68,000, Parker Pen came up with Quink (a portmanteau word from ’quick’ and ’ink’; also known as Double Quink and Parker 51 Ink) that would eliminate the need for blotting. The success of Quink lay in the fact that it had a number of useful features: it resisted water, it did not clog, it had the desired quality o f ink ? ow, it resisted moulding, it was non-corrosive, it did not leave deposits, it did not fade, and, most importantly, it was quick-drying. However, the new ink was strongly alkaline and contained isopropyl alcohol, a solvent not previously used in inks, which often damaged the pen barrels of that time which were manufactured using pyralin. This problem eventually led to the development of the world’s most successful pen, the Parker 51 in 1941. In 1941, when the Parker 51 was launched, Double Quink was renamed and repackaged as †Parker 51 ink† as a marketing initiative. Parker Pen’s ink sales became the key to maintaining the company’s pro? tability. This revenue generation model is used by the modern day computer printer companies, whose main source of revenue comes from the sale of printer cartridges. Further enhancements were made to Parker Pen inks with its revolutionary †Super Chrome† ink. This ink was marketed in 1947 after a research period that lasted 17 years and cost over $200,000. This was the ? rst basic ink improvement in the last three centuries. Today, more than seventy years later, Quink is still the world’s biggest selling pen ink. 2. 3 Vacumatic 1933 The Parker Vacumatic (Ref. 4]) fountain pen was introduced in 1933, as a replacing the Duofold as Parker’s top-of-the-line product. The Vacumatic featured a new ? lling mechanism which boasted a much higher ink capacity than the Duofold. The pen remained Parkers top-of-the-line product until the launch of the Parker 51 in 1941. The US production continued through 1948, and until 1953 in Canada. 3 2. 4 Parker 51 1941 In 1941 Parker Pen int roduced the Parker 51 (Ref. [5]) which arguably is the best pen of all time both in terms of popularity and sales. General Eisenhower signed the victory in Europe in 1944. The futuristic design of the Parker 51 heralded as †Ten Years Ahead† of its time, a revolutionary pen, with its hooded, tubular nib and multi-? nned collector, all designed to work in conjunction with the pen’s proprietary ink, allowing the nib to stay wet and lay down an even line with either the ultra-fast drying ink or more traditional inks. It was advertised as the ’The Worlds Most Wanted Pen’ which created huge demand which took Parker several years to ful? l. By 1970, the Parker 51 generated over $400 million in sales, higher than that generated by any single pen ever. 2. 5 Jotter 1954 In the 1940, the world had seen a ? erce battle for market share fought between the traditional fountain pens and the new ballpoint pens. Despite some initial success, ballpoint pens died a consumer death and by 1951, the fountain pen became the pen of choice of the world. In 1954, Parker Pens introduced its ? rst ballpoint pen, the Jotter which wrote ? ve times longer than the best ballpoint pens available in the market, the Eversharp and the Reynolds ballpoint pens. It was the introduction of Jotter that revived the ballpoint pen market. Parker sold 3. 5 million Jotters at $2. 5 to $8. 75 in less than one year. In 1957, Parker Pen introduced the T-ball Jotter with tungsten carbide textured ball bearing which to this date remains an industry standard. The famed styling of the Parker Duofold was revived in 1972 as a ball pen and within the next decade, ballpoint pens overtook fountain pen as the number choice of pen in the world. 3 Rise of competition 1980s After about a century of dominating the ? ne writing instrument market, Parker Pen entered into a period of crisis in the 1980s and the reason for this was that the company was driven by the wrong strategy. Parker was facing competition from three fronts. First, the Japanese were mass marketing cheaper and disposable pens and had captured a large portion of the low end market in USA and Europe and were gradually eating into Parker Pen’s market share. Second, like the Japanese, American brands such as Paper Mate, Bic, Pilot, and Pentel had created signi? cance presence in the low end segment and gradually eroding and were pulling away parker Pen’s customer. Third, in the high 4 end segment which had been Parker Pens main target segment, competition had become ? ercer with reputed German brands such as Montblanc and A. T. Cross making progress in the European markets. 4 Globalization strategy 1982 Parker Pen faced two contrasting challenges. On one side the weakened dollar generated high foreign revenue since about 80% of the company’s sales were abroad, the pro? ts derived from those sales represented even big pro? ts when translated to local currency. But on the other side, this over dependency on foreign sales exposed the company to foreign competitors, especially the inexpensive brands from Japan which used low pricing as a strategy to compete in the international market. Parker Pen realized that a competitive strategy based on product di? erentiation through technological innovation was not su? cient to thwart the challenge from competitors. In 1982, James R. Peterson became the CEO of Parker Pen,having joined it from Reynolds. He was given the responsibility of reinventing the brand. Peterson decided to launch a global marketing campaign to target all market segments. A consequence of the decision to adopt globalization was standardization. Everything including products as well as marketing campaign was to be standardized for all the markets across the world. Issues in executing globalization strategy When Peterson took over Parker, he was met by a highly proud, mismanaged company that prided itself on its extensive decentralization. The atmosphere re? ected the founders pride in the fact that they had a unique pen for every place in the world. They were a federation of autonomous geographical units. It became immediately clear to Peterson that huge changes were on the anvil. The immediate problems were twofold. The ? rst was the products positioning. Having positioned itself at the higher end of the market for a signi? ant part of the previous century, it had now began to face problems with regard to its image. It was clear that a complete clarity of its brand positioning and image was essential. The second issue that confronted Peterson was its complete ine? ciency in managing its product portfolio. When Peterson entered Parker, it didnt even have a proper idea of the range of products that it was manufacturing. It was a situation of complete chaos 5 with more than 500 products in simultaneous existence. Its decentralized structure had completely turned against its pro? ability, resulting in every distant subsidiary and distributor involved developing a customized product for that particular market. While the company was proud of its decentralized multinational structure, it was ailing on account of an obvious lack of econom ies of scale and a uni? ed command and strategy. The company clearly lacked a common driving force across markets. However, this decentralization had its positive aspects as well, most notably in the area of advertising. Pens meant and mean di? erent things to di? erent people. While the Europeans tended to choose a pen based on its style and feel, people in less-developed countries tended to see a pen as nothing more than a badge of literacy. Within Europe itself for instance, tastes tended to vary from one country to another. While the French showed a de? nite attachment to the fountain pen, the Scandinavians favoured the ballpoint pen. The company justi? ed the existence of numerous advertising agencies in its employ feeling that while it bred a certain amount of ine? ciency, it paid o? from a sales standpoint. Many individual advertising ? ms were able to develop excellent customized messages for their audience that successfully struck a responsive chord within them. For instance, the Lowe Howard-Spink agency in London was able to make the UK division of Parker the most pro? table division during its tenure. Its creative genius is clearly visible in the advertisement that it created showing a dead plumber with a giant Parker pen protruding from his hear t. The situation seemed bleak to Peterson. He immediately implemented a strategy by which Parker would position itself in the entry-level segment. He felt that in the face of the trends at that time, this would be the ideal positioning that would succeed in turning around the company. He also dissociated Parker from the numerous advertising ? rms that it was associated with, retaining only one, Ogilvy and Mather, to oversee a worldwide common strategy in terms of communication and advertising. However, this strategy failed miserably on two counts. It failed to provide a customized communication strategy to each market and thus failed to account for the cultLural di? erences across geographies. It also failed to leverage the premium positioning of the brand and reduced it to an entry-level brand. 5. 1 Two speci? c cases of execution failures The following examples show two speci? c cases of execution failure by Parker Pen. 6 (a) At a corporate level, Parker Pen targeted almost all market segments. However at the business level, management failed to introduce products which would cover the market segments with middle and lower income levels. This allowed competitors with inexpensive products to take up the market. (b) Some of the marketing campaign failed to adjust to the local environment. For example, when Parker Pen ? rst expanded their market to Latin America, they wanted their advertisement to say, †It won’t leak in your pocket and embarrass you. † The company did not realize that the Spanish word †embarazar † has two meanings; it means †to embarrass,† and it also means to †impregnate. † So, to some unsuspecting people, the ad read: †It won’t leak in your pocket and make you pregnant. † (Ref. [6]) 6 Acquisition of Parker by Gillette and beyond In May 1993, Gillette announced its acquisition of Parker Pen Holdings Ltd (Ref. [7]). (See Exhibit X). This made Gillette the world leader in the pen market. Gillette took an after-tax charge of $164 million for a reorganization of its overseas operations, including the integration of the Parker Pen facilities into the Gillette structure. Nearly 2000 jobs were lost as a result of this restructuring process. Gillette sold the writing instruments division to Newell Rubbermaid, whose own stationery division, Sanford became the largest in the world with brand names such as Rotring, Sharpie, Reynolds as well as Parker, PaperMate, Waterman and Liquid Paper under its umbrella. The next few years were one of a complete downsizing of Parker, marked by job losses across the board. In July 2009, the 180 workers at the Parker headquarters of Newhaven, UK were given notice that the factory was going to be shut down on account of the production moving to France. On August 18, 2009, Newell Rubbermaid announced that Janesville Wisconsin would close the remaining operations of Parker. This resulted in the loss of 153 jobs. According to the company, †This decision is a response to structural issues accelerated by market trends and is in no way a re? ction on the highly valued work performed by our Janesville employees over the years. † Newell Rubbermaid stated an o? er of transitional employment services and severance bene? ts. What remained of the Parker brand was moved to the upscale segment of the writing instrument market and was sold via luxury retailers. Traditional retail outlets were abandoned. This completely removed the brand from the entry leve l segment of the market. 7 In 2011, Parker Pen announced the ? nest innovation in the history of writing, Parker 5TH Technology which o? ers a genuine ? th way of writing. Until then the world knew only four forms of ? ne writing fountain pen, ball point, roller ball and the mechanical pencil. ground-breaking innovation has rea? rmed placed Parker as leaders in terms of both innovation and market share. 7 7. 1 Exhibits Financial statement 8 7. 2 Product display Duofold Lucky 8 Limited Edition Ingenuity Parker 51 9 7. 3 Current product portfolio TABLE I T ype Ink Quink Fountain Pen Duofold, Premier, Sonnet, Vector, IM Ballpoint pen 7. 4 M odel Facet, Executive, Esprit, Frontier, Urban, I. M. , Vector Jotter Acquisition of Parker by Gillette References [1] http://parkerpens. net/catalogue/parker catalogue 2009. pdf [2] http://www. parkerpen. com/en/discovery/range/iconic/duofold [3] http://www. patricktaylor. com/parker-duofold [4] http://www. vintagepens. com/Parker Vacumatics. shtml [5] http://www. pentrace. net/penbase/Data Returns/full article. asp? id=468 [6] http://parkerpens. blogspot. com/2007/09/advertizing-campaings-that-wentwrong. html [7] http://www. nytimes. com/1993/05/08/business/company-news-gillette-completesacquisition-of-parker-pen. html 10

Is Media Biased

Is Media Biased Al – Jazeera TV is Biased in its Reporting The emergence of technology that facilitates a comprehensive coverage of news in real-time has enabled many media outlets to reach millions of viewers globally. The modernization of the media industry has also escalated live streaming of news online.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Is Media Biased specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is notable that the sovereignty, autonomy, and information over personal analysis determine the level of news coverage objectivity. However, some media outlets have failed the objectivity test because of their partiality when it comes to reporting certain events. This paper discusses the notion that some media outlets are biased and focuses the debate on the Al –Jazeera Television. Al – Jazeera is the largest media outlet in the Middle East reporting events mostly to the Arab world. Presently, Al – Jazeera has also exp anded to the Western world. Notably, individuals in the private sector own and run the media outlet. The media outlet is insensitively anti – Israel and America. Al – Jazeera tend to report events involving Arabs and Islam positively and objectively. However, it has remained deeply against the Western ideals in its reporting of conflicts. The way it covers news in which the Western nations are involved normally shows a bias. This has been noted in its one-sidedness, unequal presentation, and unreasoned opinion on its commentaries. It is notable that countries such as Algeria, Morocco, and Bahrain among others have alleged that Al – Jazeera is biased in its reporting of events. The media outlet’s leniency towards Iraq has been evident in its reporting. The media outlet reported anti – occupation aggression news in Iraq, which received global condemnation. In fact, the media outlet appears to be facilitating a psychological conflict with its fundamen talist opinions. Al – Jazeera normally report news about the search for democracy in some Arab countries experiencing revolution. The media outlet has equated revolutions in Egypt and Libya with the ejection of totalitarianism in the search for political order. However, Al – Jazeera fails to report the lack of democracy in Qatar. For example, Qatar does not conduct elections and the citizenry have no basic political rights. This is an indication of bias because it delivers sensational reports about problems in other countries without projecting to the world the challenges facing Qatar.Advertising Looking for essay on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The unbalanced reporting of the war in Syria has also generated massive problems for the media house. This was occasioned by the resignation of some reporters over the media outlet’s lack of objectivity. The media outlet reported the revolutionary activities that occurred in Egypt and Libya. However, it has reported nothing about the serious anti – government uprising activities occurring in Bahrain. The media outlet is allegedly forcing its reporters to twist their stories to conform to the ideals of Emir Sheik and his Qatar administration. Furthermore, Al Jazeera has occasionally turned down stories, which are thought to be against the Qatari government brought by its journalists, Al – Jazeera has created the notion that it is serving Emir Sheik’s personal agenda by failing to report on the role played by the Qatar leader in the Syrian war. In fact, many former employees contend that Al – Jazeera has degenerated into a propaganda platform. The former reporters have indicated that Al – Jazeera has deviated from its mission goals. The media out let was originally the voice for transformation agenda and objective criticism of political activities in the region. The former workers argue that Al –Jazeera presently represents the views of the Qatari leadership particularly reporting in a lopsided manner when it comes to issues that require objectivity.

This essay compares the writing styles of Edgar Allen Poe and Washington Irving in relation to the atmospheres in which they grew up.

This essay compares the writing styles of Edgar Allen Poe and Washington Irving in relation to the atmospheres in which they grew up. Washington Irving and Edgar Allen Poe's writing contain many similarities, both writers being from the Romantic Era. There are also a few differences in their styles that distinguish then from each other. Their extremely different backgrounds and life styles growing up is a reason for their different outlooks on life, therefore leading to different ways of expressing their selves.Washington Irving was born into a very wealthy family. Born in New York City, he began studying law, but feeling that it was not the right path for him, dropped it and started to travel Europe. He lived there for almost twenty years and studied European folklore and culture. As a young man, Irving spent a lot of time vacationing in Westchester and northern New York, where a few of his writings take place.Having such an easy lifestyle and being of wealthy background, Irving had no reason to obsess over the bad aspects of life.English: Looking southeast at bust of Washington I...This led to his upbeat and some times humorous literature. Irving's literature is easy reading and never contains anything to serious or depressing. For instance, in his short story The Legend of Sleepy Hallow, He tells of a man who is a schoolteacher, and in so many words tells that he often gets back at the children that bullied him while he was attending grade school. As an adult, the main character, Ichabod Crane is still being tormented by the kind of person he was bothered by when he was young. During the course of the story he is taunted and teased by the his bully, Brom Bones, who eventually scares him so much nobody hears from Ichabod again. Normally, this would seem tragic, but the way that Irving tells the story, it seems funny.Poe had an extremely different childhood and situation...

Design a multi-story reinforced concrete office building Essay

Design a multi-story reinforced concrete office building - Essay Example The building is to consist of a 30 people meeting suite/conference, a restaurant, different sizes common room on the 3 floors of the building. Ground floor will consist of, conference room, restaurant, common room and all services associated. The remaining unused floor is aimed for facilities of leisure. 3.0 General Approach The general approach taken is to obtain the architecture of an office building:- Acquiring design of an office architecture of a multi-storey building basically adopted in the construction design (Alheyad, 2008). . Structural system establishment of the floors from the ground to first, second and third floor Foundation type, column design and system of resisting wind will be affected by taking into consideration the architectural drawings 4.0 Requirements for design Client’s requirements: The ground floor is to have: a reception, conference/meeting rooms, common room and entertainment room, a restaurant, and associated services. The remainder of the floor is to be occupied by the swimming pool. The main building is to include a small scale conference/meeting suite of a maximum 30 persons, a restaurant, a common room, as well as lodging. The minimum clear height for the ground floor is set to be3.0 m. The minimum spacing of vertical structural elements within the ground floor is to be 6.0 m. Access to bedrooms at the 1st and 2nd floor and the 3rd floor is by lifts or staircases located at the centre and end of the floors. The 1st and 2nd floor are different size offices with central access corridors. The floor upon completion will have a soffit height at the 1st and the 2nd floor of a minimum of 3.0 m in the floors and 3.6m in corridors, in addition to services allowance. All servicing plant including water tanks, heating boilers and lift mechanisms are to be located on top of the stair/lift towers at the ends of the building. Car parking of 450m^2is to be set near the hostel at ground level over an area of approximately 450 m2. There is need for allowance for future adjustments in demand for different types of services. This is achieved through structural arrangement not compromising the ability to adjust the width and mix of room compartments, though the central corridor arrangement will not be altered as per the client decision. A fire resistance period of 2hrs is to be put in the building. The building is to be exposed to XC-1 environment. Building requirements analysis The two-hour fire resistance requirement is vital in for the structural elements design of the building. According to Euro code 2, for two-hour fire resistance, the minimum width of a beam is 200 mm. The XC-1 environment that the building is exposed to implies the structure is always exposed to water or is dry. To attain this condition a minimum cement 240 kg/m3 for exposure to XC-1 together with a ratio of 0.07 environmental conditions. The set minimum cover for XC-1 environment is cmin = 15 m .This is calculated using the equation Cnom = Cm in + ?C, where Cnom is the nominal cover. (Eurocode 2). 5.0 Structural elements These are framing elements used to transfer the loads from the building to

Week2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Week2 - Essay Example diary or separate company is the most appropriate strategy as opposed to a branch because the mother company can transfer financial assistance to the separate company from a foreign financial institution in form of grant loans, which is not possible when labelled as branch office. Besides, the separate subsidiary would be able to return the financial favour in form of dividend or loyalty hence minimizing tax obligations(Barney, 2008; PWC, 2008). The IRS has their own strategies of detecting whether a corporation is remitting appropriate amount of tax either through office or field examination. The filed examiners would visit the business strategy and determine the amount of tax payable. During such visits, they conduct auditing interviews and running tax reports(Barney, 2008; PWC, 2008). If the addition tax is found, the team will inform the corporation and require them to sign the tax report. However, the corporation may decide to decline signing until they go through the report and verify the details. The tax policy is not prohibiting foreign investment but rather enhancing transparency in financial dealing. The USA tax policy especially on the transfers, states that every exchange of property must be subjected to taxation under the section 351 and 361(Barney, 2008; PWC, 2008). The corporations are required to declare in the form what details of the property is

A Tragic Hero in Aristotle Definition Essay Example for Free

A Tragic Hero in Aristotle Definition Essay The word tragedy is when an event ends in misfortune. However, when the word tragedy is put in context within a play or a story it is a story circling around a protagonist who is of high power and stature. A tragedy is usually the development of a protagonist whose in conflict with a more superior force; the superior forces that the protagonist could be faced with is his destiny, free will and the Gods that rule over them. The end of a tragedy is usually the protagonist whose in a state of deterioration in which he loses everything. A tragic hero is meant to define his fate by himself, usually by actions that he inflicts on himself which then lead him to wreck his own life. Aristotle is considered as one of the many ancient influential philosophers there is and therefore his view of Oedipus being an ideal tragic hero is considered as highly powerful in the world of literature. Aristotle defines tragedy as the conflict between humans being good yet being defeated by reality as their actions done with good intentions can actually bring back outcomes that were not initially wanted. In the play Oedipus by Sophocles, Oedipus is classed as a classic tragic hero by Aristotle for many of the characteristics he possesses. According to Aristotles definition of a tragic hero; the tragic hero has to be realistic, true to life, consistent and true to themselves, consistent within the context of the narrative and has to make errors of judgement throughout the play but the results of what has been done should be the opposite of what was initially intended. A tragic hero should be able to arouse feelings of pity and fear; this is because, the feeling of pity is aroused by our deep sympathy for someone whose life is falling out of place whereas that person is neither too good nor too evil to have deserved such a misfortune, and the feeling of fear is aroused by the sheer horror that such a tragedy can fall upon anyone regardless of their stature. According to Aristotles definition Oedipus is a tragic hero because he is a man of great power and influence over the city he rules and his life begins to deteriorate in front of everyones eyes as he goes on a quest to find out who he is. Aristotle says that a tragic hero must be the one to cause their own downfall in which Oedipus persistently decides to carry on asking questions about his origins. Also, the tragic heros fate is not deserved and his punishment exceeds his wrongdoings and  that a tragic hero must be someone important and influential and he must be someone who makes an error of judgement. This error of judgement is seen when Oedipus forces Tiresias in anger to answer his questions of who his parents are, â€Å"Who? Wait; who are my parents?†, it is Oedipuss own mistake in forcing answers in which he does not wish to hear or know.

Padre Pio :: essays research papers

Padre Pio, whose real name was Francesco Forgione was born on May 25, 1887 in Pietralcina, a small town in southern Italy. Every since he was a child he has always showed love towards the religious life. It is said that at the age of 5 Padre Pio had already dedicated his life to God. He had an extreme love for prayer. At the age of sixteen he entered the ‘Capuchin Friars’ which are a religious order in memory of St. Francis of Assisi. From the first time Padre Pio had entered into the Friary he was already recognized by his teachers as someone special. â€Å"There was something which distinguished him from the other students, whenever I saw him he was always humble and silent†, one of his peers had said. What struck them most was Padre Pio’s love for prayer. In the year 1910 at the age of 23 Padre Pio had been ordained a priest.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Besides the Mystery of God taught by Padre Pio, he had his own mysteries. After celebrating a Mass on September 20, 1918, he had received the â€Å"Stigmata†. His hands, side and feet were scarred with the same wounds of Christ; he was the first priest ever to have received the gift of Stigmata along with other gifts which later declared him a Saint. The news of this spread all over the world and people flocked to witness this miracle. Scientists had examined the wounds over and over but could never come up with an explanation. He had performed many miracles which included curing a blind little girl without pupils in her eyes to see again, and she is still alive today to tell her story. Padre Pio was also rewarded by God with other magnificent gifts such as bilocation which was Padre Pio’s ability to visit and needy in far places from where he was without ever leaving, also the gift of perfume which was the beautiful odor of roses that marked Padre Pio’s presence , and the gift of conversion which was his ability to make remarkable conversions of peoples choices or views.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Throughout the life of Padre Pio, God was no mystery to him because it seemed as if he already knew the mystery of God. He once said â€Å"the pivot of perfection is love, he who lives in love lives in God, because God is love, as taught by the apostles†, which simply those who do not love cannot be completely connected to God.

Personal protective equipment Essay

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT Hazards exist in every workplace in many different forms: sharp edges, falling objects, flying sparks, chemicals, noise and a myriad of other potentially dangerous situations. Controlling a hazard at its source is the best way to protect employees. Depending on the hazard or workplace conditions, the use of engineering or work practice controls to manage or eliminate hazards to the greatest extent possible. When work practice and administrative controls are not feasible or do not provide sufficient protection, employers must provide personal protective equipment (PPE) to their employees and ensure its use. Personal protective equipment (PPE) refers to protective clothing, helmets, goggles, or other garments or equipment designed to protect the wearer’s body from injury and other hazards. The Requirement for PPE To ensure the greatest possible protection for employees in the workplace, the cooperative efforts of both employers and employees will help in establishing and maintaining a safe and healthful work environment. In general, employers are responsible for: ââ€"   Performing a â€Å"hazard assessment† of the workplace to identify and control physical and health hazards. ââ€"   Identifying and providing appropriate PPE for employees. ââ€"   Training employees in the use and care of the PPE. Maintaining PPE, including replacing worn or damaged PPE. ââ€"   Periodically reviewing, updating and evaluating the effectiveness of the PPE program. Employees should: ââ€"   Properly wear PPE, ââ€"   Attend training sessions on PPE, ââ€"   Care for, clean and maintain PPE, and ââ€"   Inform a supervisor of the need to repair or replace PPE. The hazard assessment should survey of the facility to develop a list of potential hazards in the following basic hazard categories: ââ€"   Impact, ââ€"   Penetration, ââ€"   Compression (roll-over), ââ€"   Chemical, ââ€"   Heat/cold, ââ€"   Harmful dust, ââ€"   Light (optical) radiation, and ââ€"   Biologic. In addition to noting the basic layout of the facility and reviewing any history of occupational illnesses or injuries, things to look for during the survey include: ââ€"   Sources of electricity. ââ€"   Sources of motion such as machines or processes where movement may exist that could result in an impact between personnel and equipment. ââ€"   Sources of high temperatures that could result in burns, eye injuries or fire. ââ€"   Types of chemicals used in the workplace. ââ€"   Sources of harmful dusts. ââ€"   Sources of light radiation, such as welding, brazing, cutting, furnaces, heat treating, high intensity lights, etc. ââ€"   The potential for falling or dropping objects. ââ€"   Sharp objects that could poke, cut, stab or puncture. ââ€"   Biologic hazards such as blood or other potentially infected material. Some of the most common types of eye and face protection include the following: ââ€"   Safety spectacles. These protective eyeglasses have safety frames constructed of metal or plastic and impact-resistant lenses. Side shields are available on some models. ââ€"   Goggles. These are tight-fitting eye protection that completely cover the eyes, eye sockets and the facial area immediately surrounding the eyes and provide protection from impact, dust and splashes. Some goggles will fit over corrective lenses. ââ€"   Welding shields. Constructed of vulcanized fiber or fiberglass and fitted with a  filtered lens, welding shields protect eyes from burns caused by infrared or intense radiant light; they also protect both the eyes and face from flying sparks, metal spatter and slag chips produced during welding, brazing, soldering and cutting operations. ââ€"   Laser safety goggles. These specialty goggles protect against intense concentrations of light produced by lasers. The type of laser safety goggles an employer chooses will depend upon the equipment and operating conditions in the workplace. ââ€"   Face shields. These transparent sheets of plastic extend from the eyebrows to below the chin and across the entire width of the employee’s head. There are many types of hard hats available in the marketplace today. In addition to selecting protective headgear that meets standard requirements, employers should ensure that employees wear hard hats that provide appropriate protection against potential workplace hazards. It is important for employers to understand all potential hazards when making this selection, including electrical hazards. This can be done through a comprehensive hazard analysis and an awareness of the different types of protective headgear available. ââ€"   Class A hard hats provide impact and penetration resistance along with limited voltage protection (up to 2,200 volts). ââ€"   Class B hard hats provide the highest level of protection against electrical hazards, with high-voltage shock and burn protection (up to 20,000 volts). They also provide protection from impact and penetration hazards by flying/falling objects. ââ€"   Class C hard hats provide lightweight comfort and impact protection but offer no protection from electrical hazards. ââ€"   Leggings protect the lower legs and feet from heat hazards such as molten metal or welding sparks. Safety snaps allow leggings to be removed quickly ââ€"   Metatarsal guards protect the instep area from impact and compression. Made of aluminum, steel, fiber or plastic, these guards may be strapped to the outside of shoes. ââ€"   Toe guards fit over the toes of regular shoes to protect the toes from impact and compression hazards. They may be made of steel, aluminum or plastic. ââ€"   Combination foot and shin guards protect the lower legs and feet, and may be used in combination with toe guards when greater protection is needed. ââ€"   Safety shoes have impact-resistant toes and  heat-resistant soles that protect the feet against hot work surfaces common in roofing, paving and hot metal industries. The metal insoles of some safety shoes protect against puncture wounds. Safety shoes may also be designed to be electrically conductive to prevent the buildup of static electricity in areas with the potential for explosive atmospheres or nonconductive to protect workers from workplace electrical hazards. ââ€"   Leather gloves protect against sparks, moderate heat, blows, chips and rough objects. ââ€"   Aluminized gloves provide reflective and insulating protection against heat and require an insert made of synthetic materials to protect against heat and cold. ââ€"   Aramid fiber gloves protect against heat and cold, and abrasive-resistant. ââ€"   Synthetic gloves of various materials offer protection against heat and cold, cut and abrasive-resistant and may withstand some diluted acids. These materials do not stand up against alkalis and solvents. Protective clothing comes in a variety of materials, each effective against particular hazards, such as: ââ€"   Paper-like fiber used for disposable suits provide protection against dust and splashes. ââ€"   Treated wool and cotton adapts well to changing temperatures, is comfortable, and fire-resistant and protects against dust, abrasions and rough and irritating surfaces. ââ€"   Duck is a closely woven cotton fabric that protects against cuts and bruises when handling heavy, sharp or rough materials ââ€"   Leather is often used to protect against dry heat and flames. ââ€"   Rubber, rubberized fabrics, neoprene and plastics protect against certain chemicals and physical hazards. When chemical or physical hazards are present, check with the clothing manufacturer to ensure that the material selected will provide protection against the specific hazard. Some types of hearing protection include: ââ€"   Single-use earplugs are made of waxed cotton, foam, silicone rubber or fiberglass wool. They are self-forming and, when properly inserted, they work as well as most molded earplugs. ââ€"   Pre-formed or molded earplugs must be individually fitted by a professional and can be disposable or reusable. Reusable plugs should be cleaned after each use. ââ€"   Earmuffs require a perfect seal around the ear. Glasses, facial hair, long hair or facial  movements such as chewing may reduce the protective value of earmuffs.

Child observation Essay

All the children at Gerber Preschool are between the ages of 3 and 4 years old and mainly consist of lower to lower middle class Hispanic and Caucasian families. Mya is a small statured 3 year old Hispanic Caucasian female, with light olive-toned skin, long brown hair, and large brown eyes. Toby is an average statured 4 year old Caucasian male, fair-skinned, blue-eyed, short brown hair. Toby and Mya both seem to be in good physical heath. Jesus is a slightly above average statured 4 year old Hispanic male, with dark brown skin, short spikey black hair and brown eyes. Spanish is Jesus primary language at home but is encouraged to speak English at school. Mya, Toby, and Jesus all appear to be right handed and in good physical heath. Description of Setting: The observation session began on Tuesday May 7, 2013, at approximately 10:00 AM in Gerber, California; the preschool has 2 adults and 8-10 kids. All the children were in line waiting to exit out the back door to the playground. The playground featured a large fenced off area with a large grassy area and the class flower bed covered by a large shade tree, large cement slab with tricycles and tetherball, play house, sand box, and large gym set. There is an assortment of activities available for the children to play including: kickball, bubble buckets, tetherball, hopscotch, jump rope, soccer, etc. Primary Observation: Start time 10:00 AM on Tuesday, May 7, 2013 10:00- Toby impatiently stands in line telling Jesus â€Å"I’m going to be the first one on the playground† Jesus yells â€Å"No I am! † two people behind them Mya and Jessica are holding hands laughing and whispering in each other’s ears. Everyone is squirming about unable to sit still waiting for the go ahead to head outside. 10:05- The children rush outside onto the grass and prepare for story time. Jesus screams â€Å"Rainbow Fish† once he sees the book in the teacher’s hands. Mya excitingly says â€Å"I want a rainbow fish† to Jesus, he in return says â€Å"I want one too. † All the children sit down so the teacher could begin the story. 10:10- During the story Toby was unable to see the book and yells to his teacher â€Å"Aren’t you going to face it to me. He continues to be disruptive getting up and interrupting the teacher. Toby is very energetic and begins to get restless playing with whatever is within his reach. He starts disturbing Jessica until the teacher asks him to sit back down and stop disturbing others Toby than sits back down and begins whining that he is unable to see the book again. 10:15- At the end of the story the teacher asks the children â€Å"Why did Rainbow Fish give away his scales? † Jesus immediately stood up and said â€Å"Because he was alone and wanted friends† Toby says â€Å"Now he has no more rainbow scales. † 10:20- The class is now on free time for the rest of the day. All the children immediately take off running for the playground; Toby and Jesus immediately go for the tricycles. While Mya went straight for the flower bed to dig with the shovel and buckets that were there. 10:25- Jesus, Toby, and another little boy raced back and forth across the pavement a couple times but quickly lost interest in the tricycles and more interested in what the other children were doing. 10:30- Toby ran over to where Mya was and Mya said â€Å"Let’s play house† the children discussed where they would live and what part they would act out. Toby excitedly screamed â€Å"Ok, I’m the daddy†, and Mya says â€Å"I’m the mommy†, and two other little boys Gauge and Angel are the sons. 10:35- Mya runs over to the play house and begins putting sand in a bucket and acts as if she is cooking while Toby makes the fire. Jesus walks over and picks up Mya’s bucket, she instantly got mad at Jesus and hit him. Jesus left crying and she said â€Å"He didn’t say please, so leave me alone. † She than stuck her tongue out at him, another girl by the name of Jessica told the teacher. The teacher told Mya that if she couldn’t talk nice and share she would have to choose another area to play. 10:40- After the incident Toby moves over to a bucket of bubbles with 3 wands, colored green, purple, and pink. Toby and Jesus blow bubbles together. No bubbles were coming out of Toby’s wand, so he blew with more force. Toby takes his wand to the teacher. He brought his wand back, dipped it in the bubble bucket and flung it out. 10:45- Mya gets the purple bubble wand and Toby goes over to Mya and tries to take it away from her. Mya begins to make sounds of being upset but soon gets over it when the other children begin popping the bubbles and she joins in squealing and laughing. 10:50- The teacher blows her whistle to signal to the children it’s time to clean up and go inside. Mya quickly grabs the bubble bucket yelling â€Å"I got the bubbles† while Jesus and Toby raced to the door to line up without picking up anything. 10:55- All the children walked back into the class room and were instructed to sit at a table. Toby got up from the table and a little boy named Gauge took his seat. He tried to get the attention of the teacher but she was busy with another child, so he pulled Gauge by the shirt and begin to cry saying â€Å"get out my chair† Gauge refused to move. Once the teacher finally got to them they had already started to tussle a little. Toby and Gauge were both placed in time out but first they had to apologize to one another. 11:00- End of observation. Analysis: Gender identity is the perception of oneself as male or female (pg. 252). All three children show gender identity when they discuss the roles of one another to play house, with Mya being the mother, Jesus the father, and Gauge and Angel as the sons. Mya also displays gender identity when she pretends to cook while playing house as well. On page 254 cooperative play is described as children playing with one another taking turns, playing games, etc. Mya, Toby, and Jesus demonstrate cooperative play as well as make-believe play throughout their game of house they coordinated ideas together as a group. Cooperative play is also apparent when the children play with the bubbles. The text on page 264 states that aggression is an intentional injury or harm to another person. Mya showed aggression by hitting Jesus when she became angry at him. Toby also displayed aggression when he grabbed Gauge in an attempt to get his chair back. In sum all of the children seem to be displaying appropriate social and emotional behavior and skills typical of their age.

3 huge reasons your team would benefit from a 6 hour work day

3 huge reasons your team would benefit from a 6 hour work day We all know the old saying about â€Å"all work and no play†¦,† and although it’s a well-worn clichà © at this point, it’s hard to deny that there is an important truth contained within. Spending too much time of our time working is rarely a recipe for a happy and well-balanced life. In fact, many experts and business leaders across industries now believe that there’s a tipping point at which spending too much time working can actually have a negative countereffect on efficiency. Imagine putting in those extra hours every week at your job only to realize that it’s actually hurting your productivity, not to mention the unfortunate effects it’s having on your general health and well-being.Healthline published an article on common effects of working too much, and it included a bunch of serious potential outcomes that shouldn’t be ignored: added alcohol use to in order to relax post-work; stalled productivity; compromised sleep and d aytime fatigue; depression; added stress; increased risk of heart disease, stroke, and cancer; extra back and neck pain; and negative effects on personal relationships.Clearly, the seriousness of this issue has led businesses to start paying attention- in fact, many are starting to look harder at decreasing the length of workdays in an effort to offset the potential adverse side effects of overworking. Another factor that’s helping to drive the case for shorter workdays is technological innovation- simply put, the tools we now have at our disposal to help us get our jobs done allows us to do more and to be more productive, in less time than ever before.Currently, there’s no unanimous consensus regarding how long the â€Å"perfect sweet spot† is for the modern workday, but there is a growing number of businesses that are experimenting with the 6-hour workday, and the initial results are encouraging. Harvard Business Review recently made a case for the six-hour we ekday, which includes a wealth of intriguing ideas about how today’s companies- and employees- can potentially benefit from moving to this workday model. Let’s take a closer look at some of the ways your team can benefit from moving to shorter workdays.Enhanced prioritizationSimply put, when we have fewer hours dedicated to getting things done, we work harder to prioritize tasks and responsibilities. This has a clear net benefit- prioritization empowers us to get organized, recognize and laser focus on the most important and essential tasks, and plan appropriately, all which help projects of all scopes and sizes get started on the right foot and progress effectively. When we move through our workdays scatterbrained and disjointed, we’re more prone to get distracted, disorganized, and derailed. Here’s the bottom line: shorter workdays and improved focus and prioritization are win-win scenarios for employers and employees alike.Honesty and focusWho among us isn’t familiar with unrealistic expectations at work? In fact, the mantra of many of today’s companies is â€Å"do more with less,† which often translates to fewer overworked employees being saddled with more responsibilities than they can feasibly handle at any given time, with fewer resources at their disposal in order to get things done.What does this often mean? Many of us expanding our already-long workdays in a futile effort to stay afloat at our jobs and avoid drowning in an unfinished ocean of daily tasks, which often leads to burnout, high rates of job turnover, and unfinished or poorly executed projects. Who does that benefit?Shorter workdays typically force employers and employees to be more realistic with what they can accomplish and be more mindful about what resources are needed in order to stay on track.Happier employeesWho knew that happier employees typically mean more productive and reliable workers? Lots of today’s most progressive and innovative companies, actually- including those who are turning to shorter workdays in an effort to empower their workers to have a healthier and happier work-life balance. Companies are increasingly abandoning the outdated and simply ill-conceived notion that they need to wring every last drop of time and energy from their employees, and are learning to accept the idea that less raw hours spent at work doesn’t mean less work getting done. Quite the opposite, it often translates to happier and more energized workers who are eager to roll up their sleeves and be productive. What business doesn’t want that?  If you’re a business owner or key decision maker at your company and are considering the idea of moving to a shorter workday but are looking for convincing reasons to do so, hopefully, the ideas presented here will get you to embrace the notion that this strategy is a great idea for your team.

Definition and Examples of Free Relative Clauses

Definition and Examples of Free Relative Clauses In English grammar, a free relative clause is a type of relative clause (that is, a word group beginning with a wh-word) that contains the antecedent within itself. Also called a nominal relative clause, a  fused relative construction, an independent relative clause,  or (in traditional grammar) a noun clause. A free relative can refer to people or things, and it can function as a subject, a complement, or an object.Examples and Observations Nobody knows it, because nobody knows what really happened.(Donald E. Westlake, The Hook. Mysterious Press, 2000)We want to make sure that what were doing is really what we ought to be doing.(General Abrams in Vietnam Chronicles: The Abrams Tapes, 1968-1972, ed. by Lewis Sorley. Texas Tech University Press, 2004)You can say what you please. I burnt my English books and I didnt get a degree. All Im saying now, if Im allowed, is that Willie should get a degree.   (V.S. Naipaul, Half a Life. Alfred A. Knopf, 2001)A man wearing the uniform of the Military Police had stepped into the unit and was just turning toward where she was standing.  (Michael Palmer, The Fifth Vial. St. Martins Press, 2007)Look, Cynthiayou have a perfect right to disapprove. You go ahead and think whatever you want. Even if you want to be angry, then you be angry.   (Philip Roth, Letting Go. Random House, 1962)The way I hear it you can really put it away.Whoever told you that is a liar. Bledsoe straightened a way from the rail, started toward the barn.  (Michael Joens, Blood Reins. Thomas Dunne Books, 2005) Antecedents in Free Relative Clauses The relative word in the nominal relative clause has no antecedent since the antecedent is fused with the relative: I found what (that which; the thing that) you were looking for; He says whatever (anything that) he likes. Because they are free of antecedents, such clauses are sometimes called independent or free relative clauses.  (Tom McArthur, Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language. Oxford University Press, 2005) A Headless Relative A relative clause which apparently lacks a head is called a free relative clause, also sometimes called a headless relative (though some argue that the head is present syntactically but phonologically empty, and hence that this is a misleading term).  (R.E. Asher and ‎J.M.Y. Simpson, The Encyclopedia of Language and Linguistics. Pergamon Press, 1994) Characteristics of Free Relative Clauses [The] free relative clauses . . . [are] italicised in: (117a) What you say is true(117b) I will go where you go(117c) I dont like how he behaved toward her They are characterised by the fact that the wh-pronoun what/where/how appears to be antecedentless, in that it doesnt refer back to any other constituent in the sentence. Moreover, the set of relative pronouns found in free relative clauses is slightly different from that found in restrictives or appositives: e.g. what and how can serve as free relative pronouns, but not as appositive or restrictive pronouns; and conversely, which can serve as a restrictive or appositive relative pronoun but not as a free relative pronoun.  (Andrew Radford, Analysing English Sentences: A Minimalist Approach. Cambridge University Press, 2009) Two Types of Free Relative Clauses: Definite and Indefinite The first type of free relative clause, the definite free relative clause, is introduced by a wh- word such as what, where, or when, as shown in (64). (64) Mark eats what he orders. . . . [V]erbs that are followed by definite free relatives beginning with what must be capable of being followed by nonhuman NPs. What Jim chose in (65a), a free relative, passes this test, as shown by (65b). (65a) Sally ordered what Jim chose.(65b) Sally ordered a hamburger/coffee/a piece of pie. Another test for definite free relatives is substituting that (thing) which for what, as shown in (66). (66) Sally ordered that (thing) which Jim chose. . . . The second type of free relative clause is an indefinite free relative clause, also called a conditional free relative clause because the words that introduce the clause (who(m)ever, whatever, whichever, whenever, and however) can be paraphrased with if, as show by (68a) and (68b), or regardless of, as shown by (68c) and (68d). (68a) Joan dances with whoever asks her to dance.(68b) If someone asks Joan to dance with him, she dances with him.(68c) Fred eats whatever Alice offers him.(68d) Regardless of whatever Alice offers Fred, he eats it. (Ron Cowan, The Teachers Grammar of English: A Course Book and Reference Guide. Cambridge University Press, 2008)

Project Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Project Paper - Essay Example The next part will highlight the discussion that happened between Mary Wollstonecraft and Catherine the Great during the former’s visit to Russia. Through their dialogue, we intend to learn, firstly, about their individual profiles; secondly, their opinions on the role of women in their societies; and lastly, their insightful views on the ideal role of women in society. Catherine the Great: Good day! Have a seat. I have summoned you here to have an interesting talk about your recently released treatise entitled â€Å"A Vindication of the Rights of the Woman†. But to formally introduce myself to you, I am Catherine the Great, Queen of Russia. Just like you, I consider myself to be ‘enlightened’ given my firm educational background which I was able to receive through hard work and strong determination (Smitha, 2000). I have been married to Emperor Peter III, who, sadly, has died in an accident. Recognizing the need of our people, I decided to ascend the throne and became their Queen. As their leader, my vision has always been to widen the influence of Orthodox Christianity all over Europe. This is why my kingdom invests heavily on strengthening our military. Aside from this, I also believe that societal order could only be attained through absolute monarchy. Thus, I intend to serve my people as long as I live. But enough about me. Please tell me more about you and your work. Mary Wollstonecraft: Firstly, Your Majesty, I would like to express my sincere thanks for requesting me to personally visit you here in Russia. But just to give you a short background about me, I consider myself to be a scholar. I could say that reading and writing have always fascinated me. For one, I enjoy reading the Bible and analyzing its primary teachings. Aside from this, I have also been a reader of the works of Shakespeare and Milton. Although it has been hard for me to obtain a formal educational training, I still

Social marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Social marketing - Essay Example This report focuses mainly on ways and techniques for social marketing. Social marketing is a source of creating awareness regarding any essential issue in a society and works for social benefits by means of various campaigns which are usually non-profit seeking. It is a way to change behavior of individuals in a society and strive for their good. These issues could be health related or may be associated with behavioral changes needed by a society. Social marketing must not be puzzled or mingled with â€Å"societal marketing â€Å"or â€Å"social media marketing† as these are entirely separate marketing techniques.(Kotler, Roberto, Lee, 2002) Social marketing may include various significant campaigns like stop smoking, and it should be avoided in public places and where kids are present in a family places like restaurants. Awareness regarding syringes to be disposed immediately after the use, to avoid HIV transmission. Here it also involves educating people to observe the laboratory technician or hospital staff whether they dispose the syringe in front of you in the trash can or not. Another health issue is the use same shaving razor in saloons that may lead to catch jaundice or hepatitis infections and skin diseases. (Ewing, 2001) Hence the aim of social marketing is to use commercial techniques for the betterment of society and common people regardless of considering the financial profit. HEALTH CARE INDUSTRY: One of the healthcare industries is a pharmaceutical industry that manufactures drug substances including tablet, capsule, injections, syrups, suspensions, creams and ointments. The label of a drug is one of the most important protocols that should contain all relevant information including generic name of the drug, weight of the active ingredient, batch number, date of manufacture, expiry date , manufacturer’s name, dose, and other useful information which stands as a key factor in marketing of these medicinal agents. Another healthcare industry is a hospital where a patient is admitted for treatment and gets cured. These days many hospitals are occupied in social marketing related to human health like arranging free eye camps for treatment of cataract and free diabetes check up etc. Certain NGO’s and government healthcare departments are organizing various social marketing campaigns like prevention of drug addiction and counseling of such addict ed individuals. PRODUCTS FOR SOCIAL MARKETING: Social marketing products are non-tangible objects and are important for health, safety and environments benefits. There are many examples of social marketing products like, water conservation, keep the environment clean and green etc. (Vella, 2008) EXERCISE: Here we shall consider the example of â€Å"exercise† as a social marketing product. Exercise is considered as one of the most important aspect of human life style. It helps you staying fit and healthy. This act is very essential for prevention of various diseases like myocardial infarction, blood pressure, diabetes, arthritis etc. Even pregnant women are advised for mild exercises during the period of gestation to keep themselves active. Exercise boosts your stamina and helps in ailment of numerous diseases. A brisk walk is supposed to be the best exercise for age groups. Nowadays there is a trend of going to gym for aerobics and use of fitness machines. Therefore exercise as one of social marketing product where different companies are also engaged in bringing people towards health and fitness and changing their views, plays a vital role in prevention and cure of a number of health related issues. There are four Ps of marketing: product, place, price and promotion. (Kotler, 2003) Product: means the preferred attitude that the marketing company anticipates from the consumers. This is usually a non-tangible object but could be physical as well (e.g. weight reduction pill). Price: The price should be affordable, like offering special packages for gym, swimming pool, games such as tennis,

QUESTION SET Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

QUESTION SET - Movie Review Example The story would change drastically if told by someone else other than Martha since they do not understand the real hardships due to lack of contact with the women. This would overshadow the real struggles of women. Things left behind provide evidence of the living conditions during a historical period (Richard, 1997). They help us understand the experiences through reconnection. An example is Martha’s diary helps us to see her world and make a film depicting her life and experiences as a midwife. Other remote issues such as religious conflicts affected the ordinary lives of people. They reduced interactions among community members sharing differences in this remote factors. As a result, racism becomes an issue and an ordinary way of life making it difficult for ordinary people to relate with those of opposite race. Racism is seen as big issue at the time when mothers states she uses the same speed and skill to deliver white women and black women proving race was there but she did not let it affect her (Richard, 1997). The movie helps us understand the struggles faced by women during the post-revolutionary period. It helps to shed light on medical practices, religious animosity and sexual roles in the 18th century. These issues still affect us right now and, therefore, the movie can help individuals recognize this issues and address them

The Road to Integrated School Systems Essay Example for Free

The Road to Integrated School Systems Essay In 1986, the Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court case established that there could be separate but equal facilities for blacks and whites, giving support to Jim Crow laws. The Supreme Court did not begin to reverse Plessy until the Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court case 58 years later, which established that segregating blacks and whites was unconstitutional and that separate could never be equal. After the period of reconstruction following the Civil War, many states in the south and other regions of the country passed laws that discriminated against African-Americans. These laws ranged from restrictions on voting to requirements that blacks and whites use separate facilities and attend separate schools. On June 7, 1892, Homer A. Plessy, a man who was one-eighth black and seven-eighths white, bought a train ticket to travel from New Orleans to Covington, Louisiana. Under Louisiana law, he was considered black and was required to ride in the colored car. Because Plessy sat in the whites only car, he was arrested and put in jail in New Orleans (Frost-Knappman). Plessy faced trial for his crime of riding in a railroad car for whites only. John A. Ferguson presided over his trial in federal district court. He was found guilty, and the Louisiana Supreme Court upheld his conviction. Plessy then appealed to the United States Supreme Court for an order forbidding Louisiana-in the person of Judge Ferguson-from carrying out his conviction (Frost-Knappman). On April 13, 1896, Plessys lawyers argued before the U.S. Supreme Court. Their argument was that Louisiana had violated Plessys 14th Amendment right to equal protection under the law (Cozzens). Attorney General Cunningham argued that the law merely made a distinction between blacks and whites and did not necessarily treat blacks as inferiors (Cozzens). On May 18, 1896, the court issued its decision, upholding the Louisiana law: A [law] which implies merely a legal distinction between the wh ite and colored racesa distinction which is founded in the color of the two races, and which must always exist so long a white men are distinguished from the other race by colorhas no tendency to destroy the legal equality of the two races (Frost-Knappman). The court also endorsed the separate but equal doctrine, ignoring the fact that blacks had almost no control over how equal black and white facilities were (Frost-Knappman). In years to come, black schools, railroad cars, and other facilities were very rarely as good as those of whites. For the next 58 years blacks continued to be discriminated against through segregation. This led to the 1954 Supreme Court case of Brown v. Board of Education. Brown was an eight-year-old girl named Linda and was the daughter of Oliver Brown, a quiet, hard-working man who served as an assistant pastor and sexton at St. John African Methodist Epicostal Church in Topeka, Kansas (A Moment in History). Linda Brown attended a school that was more than three miles from her home. Her trip to school involved a six-block walk along the train tracks to catch a bus that took her the rest of the way (Pratt). In 1950, Oliver Brown sought to enroll his daughter at the nearby white Sumner Elementary School (Hollaway ). The superintendent, Kenneth McFarland, had always favored segregation and informed Brown that Topeka was not yet ready to make the change (Hollaway). The school board supported McFarland in his decision (Hollaway). On August 25, 1950, Lucinda Todd, secretary of the local NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People), wrote to the national office in New York, saying that the school situation in Topeka had grown unbearable and that the local branch was willing to go to court to challenge the Kansas law. Local attorneys Charles Bledsoe, John Scott, and Charles Scott drew up the legal papers. However, it was not easy to find blacks willing to serve as plaintiffs in the case. Lucinda Todd was the first to volunteer. Eventually, twelve others followed. All were the parents of children who had been denied admission to white schools, and all were women except for Oliver Brown who was listed as the lead plaintiff (Pratt). The case was officially filed with the U.S. District Court for Kansas on February 28, 1951. Though sympathetic with the plaintiffs argument, the District Court unanimously refused to grant relief (Cozzens). Immediately after the lower courts ruling, the NAACP attorneys began to prepare their appeal. Similar school desegregation suits were being filed in the District of Columbia, Delaware, Virginia, and South Carolina. The central issue of the cases shifted from unequal funding to the fact that segregation was unconstitutional and a violation of the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment. In December 1952, the Supreme court decided to group the five cases together and hear them simultaneously. The cases became known as Brown v. Board of Education (Cozzens). On May 17, 1954, Chief Justice Earl Warren wrote for a unanimous court that separate education facilities are inherently unequal. In summing up the courts opinion Warren concluded: To separate [black children] from others of similar age solely because of their race generates a feeling of inferiority as to their status in the community. In 1955, the court handed down its enforcement decree in Brown II, which said that the desegr egation of public schools should proceed with deliberate speed (Hollaway). Ironically, Linda Brown had by this time started to attend an integrated middle school. However, thousands of other children benefited from the courts decision (Pratt). Eventually this decision would be used to dispel other segregation laws and practices. For example, the separate but equal doctrine was abolished (Frost-Knappman). Today, de facto segregation still exists in some areas because of residential patterns and other factors. However, much progress has been made. Were it not for the Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court case, The U.S. would probably not be quite so far along in the quest for public integration of races. Works Cited Cozzens, Lisa. Brown v. Board of Education. 29 June 1998. 14 April 2002 . . Plessy v. Ferguson. 17 Sep. 1999. 18 April 2002 . Frost-Knappman, Elizabeth, Edward W. Knappman, Lisa Paddock, eds. Courtroom Drama. 1998. New England Publishing Associates, Inc. Hollaway, Kevin. The RulingBrown v. Board of Education. Civil Rights: A Status Report. 13 Dec. 1996. 14 April 2002 . A Moment in History: Brown v. Board of Education. Learning Network. 14 April 2002 . Pratt, Robert A. Segregation Overruled. National Parks. Sep./Oct. 1993.

Marshal McLuhan †Charlatan or Visionary? :: Argumentative Persuasive Essays

Marshal McLuhan – Charlatan or Visionary? Marshal McLuhan has been described as both a â€Å"media prophet† and a â€Å"pop professor† (Wilcox). Although his book The Medium is the Massage was rejected by some academics (Wilcox), it became a popular success outside the academic world. His ability to coin such phrases as the â€Å"global village† and his ideas on how media influences culture allowed McLuhan to become an icon of the counterculture movement of the 1960’s. Some scholars argue that McLuhan’s voice was even â€Å"swallowed up in the popular cultural movement† (Surette). The word macluhanisme has been adopted into the French language as â€Å"a synonym for the world of pop culture† (Playboy). But was McLuhan truly a pioneering scholar? It surely depends on how one defines â€Å"pioneering scholar†. I believe that many of McLuhan’s ideas, even if they have become their own clichà ©s and are not wholly understood, are valuable contributions to our academ ic and cultural heritage by the fact that they are still discussed today. McLuhan’s writings have opened up a forum for much discussion and academic study, and have laid the foundation for an area of study on communication mediums. In an interview with Playboy magazine, McLuhan argues that â€Å"man must, as a simple survival strategy, become aware of what is happening to him, despite the attendant pain of such comprehension† (Playboy). McLuhan states that his work has the â€Å"purpose of trying to understand our technological environment and its psychic and social consequences† (Playboy). Many of McLuhan’s ideas concerning media can be classified as technologically deterministic. He argued that several technologies, alphabetic writing and movable type, were responsible for the â€Å"detribilization† of society. By â€Å"detribilization† he was referring to the creation of the individual who is responsible for his/her own ideas. He then argued that in recent times, a â€Å"retribilization† was occurring because of the introduction of electricity-based communications technologies such as radio and television. As Playboy writes, this is the â€Å"electronics revolution that will ultimately retribalize man by restoring his sensory balance†. As critic Tom Wolfe asked: "Suppose [McLuhan] is what he sounds like: the most important thinker since Newton, Darwin, Freud, Einstein, and Pavlov - what if he is right?

Family and kinship terms Essay

Based on the interviews I performed for this exercise, I now have a broader view of the term family. For this exercise, I interviewed four individuals that were of Asian origin, specifically Filipino, or individuals originating from the Philippines. Based on my research and talk with my interviewed subjects, the Philippines is such a small country in the South East but these Filipinos can be found living all around the world. To an anthropologist, the term family simply pertains to the biological structure composed of two parents and at least one child. This structural unit is what has long been accepted in the Western world as the basic unit in society. However, there are quite a few modifications to Asians and more specifically, to individuals originating from the Philippines. In Philippine culture, the terms family and extended family can be used interchangeably, because their culture is often associated with a home that is inhabited by a married couple with children, as well as the grandparents and relatives-in-law. In the Western world, the extended family is seldom observed in one household and would only be necessary in special circumstances such is health conditions that affect the normal functioning of a family. In the Philippine tradition, the term family simply means the entire family as well as all the relatives that could possibly fit into the house and live for even an extended period of time. It has been explained to me that such close-knit family ties have been adapted by Filipinos from the Chinese travelers in the early centuries (Joaquin, 1988). Hence in the household, one bedroom can be inhabited by two girls that are not sisters but actually cousins. The term kinship, on the other hand, technically means the biological connection of an individual such as the kinship of the father or the kinship of the mother of a family. In the Asian point of view, kinship can mean any individual that is related to any member of the family. This not only includes those of with a biological connection, but also those individuals that have been related through marriage, or the in-laws. It is thus interesting to see how different cultures perceive the terms family and kinship. What amazes me is that the Filipinos that I interviewed have such a great attachment to the idea of family, that they call other elder non-related Filipino friends â€Å"Uncle† or â€Å"Aunt†. It has been explained to me that such adaptation of these greetings are a form of respect to these elder individuals, even if they are not really biologically related. It can thus look like one Filipino can have a thousand uncles and another thousand aunts because all of them are addressed with the same term that is used to address their biological aunt or uncle. Another interesting observation that I collected from my interview is that Filipinos tend to consider a non-biologically related individual as family if they have been in touch or in communication with that person for at least a couple of years and that they would even attempt to help these individuals out to the best of their abilities, even offering the last of their food to such friend. These individuals have big hearts and are more than willing to help out any individual who needs support. When I asked how they would consider a group of unrelated individuals that have lived together in a particular place, they responded that they consider this group as a family, too, and not a residence group. The members of this residence group are thus considered as brothers and sisters, depending simply on the age of each member of the group, or if one individual is elderly, then that individual will be called and considered as the group’s father or mother and that the youngest member of the group will be considered and called the group’s baby. Reference Joaquin, N. 1988. Culture and history: Occasional notes on the process of Philippine becoming. Solar Publishing, Metro Manila.

Found in Translation Essay

Closing Case: Found in Translation: How to Make the Multicultural Workforce Work 1 What role does the basic communication process in Figure 11.1 play in this case? Explain. The basic communication process is vital from the Figure 11.1 in this case. The definition of communication is â€Å"the interpersonal transfer of information and understand† as stated on page 300. This is monumental for the CEO Glynn Lloyd to do with 70 percent of his 65 employees being from different places like Trinidad, Brazil, Nigeria, the Dominican Republic, and Cage Verde (p. 326). He has to have his employees carry out what he envisions for his company though understanding what is required. Which of the five communication strategies in Figure 11.3 does CEO Glynn Lloyd rely on the most at City Fresh Foods? At City Fresh Foods Glynn Lloyd relies on withhold and uphold strategy the most out of the five communication strategies in Figure 11.3. Lloyd’s also includes tell and sell strategy at City Fresh. The logistics manager, Kurt Stegenga states that the English classes was a bit much so they teach limited and key languages of City Fresh Foods such as â€Å"delivery ticket, check-out sheet and ice packs† (p. 326). â€Å"I spend a little extra time trying to help them read what they need to know (p. 326). At City Fresh Foods, the multilingual employees learn key terms such as â€Å"safe and out† and even the English alphabet by watch Sesame Street as noted in this case. Training material is visual so that at City Fresh Foods the employees can duplicate work efforts by visually looking at examples of how to do their jobs; it’s the hands on approach, â€Å"A demonstration is better than words, says Lloyd† (p. 326). How should Glynn Lloyd stimulate upward communication at City Fresh Foods? Explain. Glynn Lloyd should stimulate upward communication at City Fresh Foods by having a suggestion system. The employees that are performing the day-to-day operations are best to give suggestion on how to do something better. Just because they have a language barrier doesn’t mean that the processes cannot be Closing Case: Found in Translation: How to Make the Multicultural Workforce Work 2 achieved more efficiently or a practice from their culture could make the process better. As stated on page 312, â€Å"can be a wellspring of good ideas†. Glynn Lloyd by his openness of different cultural working together for one common purpose would benefit and seem open to the idea. Lloyd seems to have the ability to multi-task and a business sense to provide feedback if not immediate to surveys taken by his employees. How would you rate Glynn Lloyd as a listener? Explain. I would rate Glynn Lloyd as a good listener, though this case does not go into details or have examples it demonstrated through the different ways in which he communicates to the employees that all the components are there to being a good listener. Lloyd knew the 40 hour classes to teach English was not working so he adopted along with his managers of ways the multicultural employees could learn. Lloyd states, â€Å"They can talk to each other in whatever language they want† because the employees are not exclusive talking English during work. As an incentive to being in management it’s required to know English, this incentive by City Fresh to contribute up to $1,000 per person and $12,000 a year for education is huge. Lloyd makes it worthwhile for his employees to strive for success and that comes from listening to what the employees want. How comfortable would you be managing this type of multicultural organization? Explain. For me, I would not be comfortable with managing this type of multicultural organization. There are too many different languages and cultures to try to learn. I’m a person that requires immediate feedback, I would lose patients with getting a translator to encode, decode to the employees and wait to see if they understand what I need from them. I know that the future according to this case that â€Å"immigrants will account for nearly two-thirds of the country’s population growth between now and 2050† (p. 236), so in Closing Case: Found in  Translation: How to Make the Multicultural Workforce Work 3 order for me to relevant and be active in my community I better find a way to adapt and learn other languages and understand different cultures. Closing Case: Found in Translation: How to Make the Multicultural Workforce Work 4 References Kreitner, R. (2009). International Management and Cross-Cultural competence. (11th ed.). Management. Mason, Ohio: South-Western Cengage Learning.

Essay Sample on Slavery and Its Consequences for Labor Force

Essay Sample on Slavery and Its Consequences for Labor Force Origin and Consequences of the Shift in Labor Force and Slavery Slavery in the past was an emerging trend that was used by super powers and some countries that had a vast control in the world. The developed states were in a better position of taking control into the world, including states like Virginia. Such possessions included economic muscles and increased arms and ammunition in their defense. Virginian colonial society during the 17th century was a dominant, as reflected from the performance and increased labor. The people in control of the slavery gained enough advantage and increased their activity in slavery. This was a cheap form of getting labor as opposed to hiring expensive and trained labor. Though the slaves were equal beings, they were made to execute certain activities and work for longer hours without their consent1. Apparently, the people in Virginia were the only advantaged people as they accrued more interests. On the other hand, the people affected in the slave trade were the slaves taken from other countries. Slavery originated in the ancient times when European sailors started routine traveling with ship that had sufficient technology to avoid tidal waves during their movement. During their routine travel, the European sailors came in contact with other races, especially Africans in the west coast of Africa. This was a factor that increased the interaction between the different races as they often came into contact. There were various exchanges that made the Europeans to be more inclined to the Americans as opposed to the Africans. In later progressions, the Americans and Europeans discovered it was prudent to explore the land as the Africans were not increasing the use of the land and Atlantic as a whole. The exploration of Atlantic increased the activities in the land, increasing the number of visits from other societies. In the end, the people who were involved in the exploration decided to embark on further exploration of the African continent. The Americans were deeply engraved in looking for more labor and other resources to assist in their development. This led to increased transportation of people from the African countries to the American states. Similarly, there were some slaves who were forcibly taken to other countries colonized by the Americans. The Virginia society was in dire need of labor to increase its productivity in the region, as it was a most developing state. In essence, they needed more slaves to ensure that they had more laborers to increase on their productivity. There were various routes that were used to make the slave transport a success to the United States and other regions. First, they crossed the Sahara to transport the slaves, via the red sea and into the Atlantic territory, while others were exported through the Indian Ocean. It is denoted that many of the slaves that were exported to these countries were captured during the war against the superpowers. However, the countries had a large influence over the war and ended up winning. To make matters worse, there are some Africans who induced the slave trade in the ancient times. Opportunistic Africans discovered that slave trade was the order of the day and decided to make returns from it. Some Africans created links with the people in control of the slave trade and captured fellow Africans2. They decided to increase the trade by selling the Africans to be deported to other countries. This is a factor that increased the population status of the United States, including Virginia. The slavery trade was increased due to labor shortage in the Virginian state. The Virginian state increased their investments in the economy as they needed an improvement in their operation. In essence, there were many openings for labor, which was insufficient in the country. To avail the labor, the people responsible had to look for other channels that would give sufficient labor. They opted to transport people from other countries since such countries had surging populations. In the end, they landed to take Africans as they were regarded as less volatile and violent. Similarly, the Africans were not advanced and did not have the technological know-how to fight back. There was little opposition from Africans in regard to slaver and forced deportation to other countries. This was due to the stringent measures that were indulged by the overseeing countries. The developing countries had invested a large amount of cash in the economy and had to increase the operation. However, the operational costs were increasing with each passing day. To make the operational costs to reduce, these countries had to reduce their expenditure, especially in regard to resource development. In averting the costs and expenditure, the countries opted for cheap labor. Since their current population was earning a lot higher, there was need for an external solution to such a problem. The countries reverted to importing slaves that would give cheap labor. The countries explored African states and other states in search of the cheap labor, which was quite successful. In the end, the countries had more resources in terms of labor while reducing their costs in manufacturing and production. There are several issues that were emerging in regard to slavery and forced labor, especially in the countries that were concerned. To begin with, there are a number of deaths that were resulting from the slavery. There are some slaves that did not adapt to the climate of the new countries. It is evident that people who do not adapt to change in climate will always have difficulty in living. In the end, there were many people who died due to disease manifestation and allergic reactions. The people in Virginia were forced to increase their working hours in their region to ensure that there was increased performance especially in the economic production and development. There was shifting of the slaves from place to place, making them to encounter newer and harsh conditions with different environments. Subsequently, they had to put up with such conditions, resulting to adverse health conditions. In the end, they developed health conditions, making their lives a struggle. This resulted to deaths and repetitive diseases since they could not get better treatment. This was an effect that drastically reduced the population of Virginia in the United States. Secondly, there were a number of people who died as a result of exhaustion, fatigue and lack of sleep. The slaves in Virginia were required to work for longer hours to ensure they performed well in their duties. The countries n charge needed to increase their production from the slaves, making them to work even harder. With such treatment, it was obvious that the people who were involved had little chances of survival. Apparently, many died while working for the slave countries.